دكتوراه معلوماتية

A. SOFTWARE SYSTEMS AND METHODOLOGY — 40%

• .Data organization
  • Data types
  • Data structures and implementation techniques
• .Program control and structure
  • Iteration and recursion
  • Procedures, functions, methods, and exception handlers
  • Concurrency, communication, and synchronization
• .Programming languages and notation
  • Scope, binding, and parameter passing
  • Expression evaluation
• .Software engineering
  • Formal specifications and assertions
  • Verification techniques
  • Software development models, patterns, and tools
• .Systems
  • Compilers, interpreters, and run-time systems
  • Operating systems, including resource management and protection/security
  • Networking, Internet, and distributed systems
  • Databases
  • System analysis and development tools

B. THEORY AND MATHEMATICAL BACKGROUND — 40%

• .Algorithms and complexity
  • Exact and asymptotic analysis of specific algorithms
  • Algorithmic design techniques (e.g., greedy, dynamic programming, divide and conquer)
  • Upper and lower bounds on the complexity of specific problems
  • Computational complexity, including NP-completeness
• .Automata and language theory
  • Models of computation (finite automata, Turing machines)
  • Formal languages and grammars (regular and context free)
• .Discrete structures
  • Mathematical logic
  • Elementary combinatorics and graph theory
  • Discrete probability, recurrence relations, and number theory

C. COMPUTER ORGANIZATION AND ARCHITECTURE — 15%

• .Digital logic design
  • Implementation of combinational and sequential circuits
  • Optimization and analysis
• .Processors and control units
  • Instruction sets
  • Computer arithmetic and number representation
  • Register and ALU organization
  • Data paths and control sequencing
• .Memories and their hierarchies
  • Performance, implementation, and management
  • Cache, main, and secondary storage
• .Networking and communications
  • Interconnect structures (e.g., buses, switches, routers)
  • I/O systems and protocols
• .E. High-performance architectures
  • Parallel and distributed architectures

D. Other Topics — 5%

Example areas include numerical analysis, artificial intelligence, computer graphics, cryptography, security, and social issues.